The Art of Glass Painting Essay Example For Students

The Art of Glass Painting Essay Step by step instructions to Do Class Painting from an example Tracing Edited by Jeff Hardy, Cased, Teresa, Buddy and 4 others Glass is so excellent! Artworks also are eyes please! At the point when glass and paints are joined, they make stunning centerpieces. The specialty of glass painting is getting famous, particularly with the individuals who need to brighten their homes with a masterful touch. Truth be told, it isn't hard to do. You can make a delightful artwork in a day. All you have to do glass painting is a little creative mind and persistence alongside, of our own, specific things like a perfect bit of glass (size EX. is adequate for the amateurs). Girl liners, paints, paintbrushes, nail clean remover, and a delicate bit of fabric. You dont need to trouble yourself in gathering these things. They are completely remembered for the Painting Kits, that are so effectively accessible in the market nowadays, Even before purchasing a glass painting pack, youll need to choose what hues are you going to use for making your glass painting, If you are a novice then you should settle on wattbased shading and get the amateurs unit. We will compose a custom article on The Art of Glass Painting explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Water-based paints, as disabled to oil based paints, are simpler to deal with, Steps After getting the piece tot glass and the work of art unit, clean the glass in order to get a smooth surface Step I Jpg I After getting the bit of glass and the composition pack, clean the glass in order to get a smooth surface. Advertisement If you won't broiler fix your completed the process of painting then you need fairly unpleasant surface Step 2. Jpg 2 If you won't stove fix your completed the process of painting then you need fairly harsh surface. Terminating in an oven can help Oil paints dry and follow better in any case paints will in general strip or chip off. This can be countered by roughening up the surface a little With wet or dry sandpaper. Roughing the surface as such will enable the paint to follow better and last more. Select an example Which has clear blueprints With least potential bends and pointed corners Step 3. Jpg 3 Select an example which has clear frameworks with least potential bends and pointed corners. Follow the example on a bit Of paper which is actually the size of the glass piece Step 4. Jpg 4 Trace the example on a bit of paper which is actually the size of the glass piece. The example should e drawn precisely at the inside with in any event 1 or 1-1/2 inches edge on all sides, Keep the glass on the designed bit of paper adjusting them consummately Step S. Jpg 5 Keep the glass on the designed bit of paper adjusting them consummately. Make traces tooth design on the glass with the assistance of glass liner Step 6. Jpg 6 Make blueprints of the example on the glass with the assistance of glass liner. Utilize dark glass liner tort most extreme clearness. These fringes help in holding the wet hues inside them and abstain from spilling of the paints. While doing all these, he cautious not to sees up the example Step 7. Pig 7 While doing all these, be mindful so as not to wreck the example. Assuming, be that as it may, it occurs, swab the smirched part with cotton-fleece dunked into nail clean remover and wipe away with bit of material. Leave the example to evaporate Step jpg 8 Leave the example to evaporate. It might take somewhere in the range of 2 to 5 hour s togged totally dried. It can likewise be blow dried for enlivening the procedure. Presently utilize the hues to fill in the example with religious recluse directional strokes Step 9. Jpg 9 Now utilize the hues to fill in the example With pious devotee directional strokes. Abstain from taking a lot of paint or spilling it. .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 , .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 .postImageUrl , .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 , .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637:hover , .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637:visited , .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637:active { border:0!important; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637:active , .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637:hover { darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-beautification: underline; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u024e06c33e3a35 53ef7c2a75230e0637 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u024e06c33e3a3553ef7c2a75230e0637:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: ART Video test Caravaggio EssayAny corner or part that isn't painted can be seen from the opposite side by lifting up the glass. Be cautious, not to hold the glass vertically to abstain from dribbling off the hues. In the event that any air pockets are made in the hues while painting, at that point puncture them with needle or a pin Step 10. Jpg 10 If any air pockets are made in the hues while painting, at that point penetrate them with needle or a pin. They can likewise be delicately brushed towards the layouts bringing them out of the borers and afterward cleaning them away with nail clean remover. Abstain from applying two lay ers of paint in any segment of the example Step al. Pig 11 Avoid applying two layers of paint in any bit of the example. Permit the artwork to dry for in any event 24 hours Step 12. Jpg 12 Allow the work of art to dry for at any rate 24 hours, After the artistic creation has dried, place it in a chilly stove Step 13. Jpg 13 After the artistic creation has dried, place it in a cool stove, Set the broiler to ICC (32509), When temperature comes to CICS time it for 40 minutes. Switch off the stove and permit it to cool. When the stove is cold, evacuate the Glass painting. Determinatively, you a let the work of art air dry just by not furnace terminating it.

Describe slavery in the US especial black women in bondage .use Essay

Depict servitude in the US particular dark ladies in subjugation .use commented on bliliography that incorporate essential and auxiliary source - Essay Example Through the mid-nineteenth century, westbound extension of America, alongside with a rising nullification development in North-America would excite a significant conversation over subjugation that could have isolated the country during the American Civil War (1861-65). After the finish of this wicked war, however the Union’s triumph liberated 4,000,000 captives of the country, yet the legacy of subjugation supported to impact the historical backdrop of America, from the disordered long stretches of Reconstruction (1865-77) to the development of social liberties (1960s), that came out a century after the finish of subjection. Subjection in America In start of the seventeenth century, European pilgrims of Jamestown Virginia, in North America were the primary who turned towards African slaves. (Alexander, and Ruckerâ 55-56) These slaves were considered as a less expensive, extra persevering option of arrangement hirelings. (Subjugation and Indentured Servants:Law Library of Cong ress.) These agreement hirelings were generally less fortunate Europeans. Twenty African people were moved by a Dutch boat to a British settlement, subjection stretch everywhere throughout the American states. In spite of the fact that it is preposterous to expect to give careful number, it is evaluated by certain history specialists that around six to 7,000,000 slaves were shipped to the New World during the eighteenth century alone, stripping the landmass of Africa from huge number of its sound and capable people. The two people slaves encountered a similarly decimating time. Both were denied from a family and place where there is beginning. Together had to do intense work, exposed to mental and physical mortification, and were additionally prevented from securing their extremely fundamental rights. During subjugation these people were beaten pitilessly, separated from friends and family haphazardly, and in spite of sex, treated as private property according to the law.â African Women Early on, females slave were accessible to purchasers in the states for taking a shot at their fields. These female slaves were accessible lower costs. In reality, able work, similar to carpentry and smithy, was dispensed distinctly to men slaves; that further diminished the quantity of dark men accessible for agribusiness work. As a result, men were dwarfed in the field by ladies slaves.â On ranches having a little horticultural region, just ladies slaves had to perform work equivalent to men slaves. On enormous homesteads, field and ranches, work was separated among the two sexes, while male gatherings were given truly extreme undertakings. Ordinarily, men were appointed furrowing while ladies were given hoed task. Parenthood of Enslaved Women Major job of ladies in Africa was that of mother. While in bondage, this essential job of African womanhood was shamed. Inside the estate arrangement of America in the eighteenth century, ladies slaves during their pregnancy were co nsidered as an efficient favorable position for their lords as various work pool are increased. (Gilchrist) While in Africa birth of a youngster acquired regard for these dark ladies. The normal time of oppressed lady giving first birth was nineteen years of age and thereafter, used to give another birth at regular intervals. As this cycle was pushed by the ace, was additionally profiting the mother. During pregnancy, she was given more food and lower working hours. She was likewise no liable to be sold as tried richness made her all the more valuable for her lord Harassing the Dignity of Black Women Black ladies slaves were required to

Tips For Using The Best College Essay Samples

Tips For Using The Best College Essay SamplesCollege essay samples can help you write a high-quality essay that you will be proud to have on your application. You don't want to go into college and struggle to learn how to write an essay because you didn't know what was expected of you in the first place. I'm going to give you some tips on how to make sure you use the best essay examples to help you create a great essay for college.The first thing you need to do is pick out a topic that you would like to write about in your essay. It doesn't matter if it's a business class or your life. It is your topic and should be a topic that is interesting to you.Next, take the time to read through a lot of different types of essays. Take a look at some college essay samples so you can get ideas from them. This is a good way to find out what you like and don't like. You can also use this to discover your strengths and weaknesses.Another way to find out what you like and what you don't like is to practice a lot. Try writing a sentence here and there so you can see what it's like when you are writing for a class. It is this personal experience that will help you determine what the better choices are.Remember that even if you are a good student, you may not like the type of writing you are used to. If this is the case, try to switch up your style and try different types of essay samples. This will help you discover if you are happy with your style or not.You need to realize that when you are trying to write a college essay, you are no longer writing for yourself. You are writing for your college class. Your goal as a student is to learn as much as you can about the subjects they cover.Even though college classes often seem boring, they can actually be exciting if you take the time to learn how to write for your class. Just remember that your goals should always be to give them your best effort. After all, they pay you to do your best.The great thing about college is that there are plenty of essay samples available. You just need to know where to look. That way, you can always find the perfect college essay samples that you can use to write an essay for your class.

International Business-Level Strategy and International Corporate-Level Strategy of Apple Inc Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The firm was established by Steve Jobs in the year 1975 with the sole aim of developing and selling personal computers. It was fully incorporated in 1977 and renamed Apple Inc. so as to show its focus on the manufacture of major electronics. It is the second leading firm in the world of information technology after the giant Samsung. Currently, Apple has managed to acquire a total of 62 companies and has proceeded to purchase stakes in the other two companies. One of the philosophies of the company is to acquire as many small firms as possible and to integrate them into its big goal and projects. The first acquisition was made in the year 1988 with the purchase of Network Innovations and the highest number of the acquisition was attained in the year 2013 in which it acquired a total of 13 firms. The most expensive acquisition by Apple was done this year in the month of August when t acquired Beats Electronics at a cost of US$3 billion. 46 out of the 62 acquisitions and mergers by A pple has been on the firms in the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on International Business-Level Strategy and International Corporate-Level Strategy of Apple Inc or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Sexual Assault of Women in the Military - 1409 Words

Women are a great strength and function unit in the United States Military today. The issues of sexual assault are affecting women serving in the battlefield which feminists would be concerned. The U.S. servicewomen in the military who have returned from war, the quantity of sexual assault they are forced to endure has not only been amplified, but disregarded and not picked up by military officials and fellow soldiers. Sexual assault is well-defined and occurs when a woman is not interested engaging, but forced upon to have a sexual activity with the perpetrator that could to lead rape and other unwanted sexual contact. But one question is to be inquired, is Sexual Assault on military women a scorching subject would the American public consider investigating and labeling it as a national issue? These sources offer different perspectives revolving around the issue. The first source explores US servicewomen experiencing with military sexual trauma that associates Sexual assault. Second perceives how Intimate partner violence known as IPV affects active duty women in the military. Thirdly, the New York Times article describes how sexual assault is arising that gets the attention from Washington D.C to settle the situation. Lastly, truthout.org elaborates military sexual assault is a greater concern than combat. First, Military Sexual Trauma Among US Servicewomen During Deployment: A Qualitative Study article by Bridgit Burns, Kate Grindlay, Kelsey Holt, Ruth Manski and DanielShow MoreRelatedEssay on Military Sexual Assault: The Invisible War by T.K. Barwlow1711 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history, the United States Military has faced numerous scandals. From its role in the Vietnam War, to the Iran-Contra Affair, to the Iraq War, to the abuse and denial of due process rights to detainees currently held indefinitely at the detention center at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba; the Department of Defense has undeniably raised many questions about its ethics and treatment tow ard both civilians and fellow members of the Armed Forces alike. One recent scandal, which would now appear to beRead MoreImpact of Gender on Reactions to Military Sexual Assault and Harassment700 Words   |  3 PagesReactions to Military Sexual Assault and Harassment Date of article: February 2014 Author(s): Margret E. Bell, Jessica A. Turchik, Julie A. Karpenko Source (Please attach copy of article): Bell, M., Turchik, J., Karpenko, J. (2014). Impact of Gender on Reactions to Military Sexual Assault and Harassment. Health Social Work, 39(1), 25-33. ARTICLE SUMMARY: Social Workers have a need to advance an understanding of working with veterans especially women affected by the concerns of sexual assaultRead MoreSexual Assault in the Military Essay1316 Words   |  6 Pageshappens when she says no? In November of 2013, there were 3,553 reported sexual assault cases (ABC News, 2013). The Military is very diverse. Gender, race, and sexual orientation do not play a role in entry into the military. As colleges have placement tests for students, the military has a test called the ASVAB, Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery, which tests different skills and abilities a recruit may have. Women are just as likely as men to be in career fields that in the civilianRead MoreSexual Assault Is The United States Military953 Words   |  4 Pages In 2013, nearly 28,700 military members that were sexually assaulted (Cernak). Sexual assault is one of the largest issues in the United States military and it is being handled very poorly. All of the military’s time and money that is being put towards sexual assault is being used for repetitive training that is obviously not working due to the fact the numbers of sexual assaults going the wrong direction every year. Due to this training, victims know the options available to them but, they areRead MoreThe Internation al Charter Of Rights And Freedoms1628 Words   |  7 PagesBeginning in the 1970’s the CAF expanded the roles of women in the force, especially after the introduction of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982. The CAF proudly boasts 14.8% of those working for the force are women (Statistics Canada, 2016). However, 1.7% (960 force members) reported being victims of sexual assault in 2016 alone. Additionally, of these 960 cases, 1/4 reported the assault to a supervisor and 1/10 reported to the military police (Statistics Canada, 2016). This suggestsRead MoreWomen Of The Civil War1739 Words   |  7 PagesWomen without a doubt have dealt with a large portion of the inequality that rules this nation. But the military has always been accepting of others. This is a way for women to make great livable wages and maintain a steady occupation. Women being in the military dates all the way back to the civil war. During the times of the civil war many women pretended to be men so they could join and fight for a variety of different reasons. Some went to war to be with their loved ones, they had this thrillRead MoreEssay on Women Changing the View of the Military 821 Words   |  4 Pages The military has mostly been dominated by men; the women have also had history of military success. For example, during the second world war, the women were mostly serving as nurses (Manila Bulletin). Women have come far from being nurses during world war II to being able to hold any positions. Some women can be in almost any position. Now women are found on the fronts lines. Also, during World War II, women who were nurses at Pearl Harbor came into a combat situation in which they wereRead MoreMilitary Sexual Trauma among US Servicewomen during Deployment700 Words   |  3 PagesTitle of Article: Military Sexual Trauma among US Servicewomen during Deployment: A Qualitative study Date of article: February 2014 Source (Please attach copy of article): Burns, B., Grindlay, K., Holt, K., Manski, R., Grossman, D. (2014). Military sexual trauma among US servicewomen during deployment: A qualitative study. American Journal of Public Health, 104(2), 345-349. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1499845673?accountid=12387 ARTICLE SUMMARY: In the surveys theyRead MoreAngelique Vasquez. Professor Scala. Wgs 4100 . April 18Th,1517 Words   |  7 PagesAngelique Vasquez Professor Scala WGS 4100 April 18th, 2017 The Untold Stories of Women at War Joining the military is a commitment sold as a beneficial lifestyle. However, there is an unspoken truth about women joining the military. Hiding behind fluff, are women’s stories about the sexual violence during their time in the force and the mistreatment they received for reporting the assaults. What needs to happen: give some consideration to the type (and history) of men being recruited; take awayRead MoreSexual Assault And Sexual Harassment1322 Words   |  6 PagesWomen in combat is a sensitive topic throughout the Armed Forces. Although in January 2013 the Military made the decision to end the ban on women in combat, many still oppose this decision. Many Combat jobs have very strict requirements, such as physical abilities. There are many concerns of women being able to fulfill these types of requirements. Another big concern is the risk of sexual assault and sexual harassment, many people feel that women in combat jobs are at a higher risk of being subjected

The Tempest Character Analysis - 1424 Words

â€Å"Good versus evil† is a theme in The Tempest, just as in many fantasy stories. The Tempest shows this theme though its characters. The most obvious pair of characters for this contrast is Ariel and Caliban. Ariel is good and Caliban is bad. This is a common opinion held by many scholars and critics, namely, Charles Boyce and Derek Traversi. However, there are many ways in which these two characters are similar—there are various parallels and similarities which are not always covered by critics. Neither character is purely good or purely evil—they are both round characters with many sides. When critics write on Ariel and Caliban, as noted previously, they point out a lot of things that cause them to seem like opposites. Charles Boyce†¦show more content†¦Some differences are that Caliban is called his â€Å"slave†: â€Å"We’ll visit Caliban, my slave,† and Ariel simply his â€Å"servant†: â€Å"Come away, servant, come!â €  (1.2.310) (1.2.187). However, in the end, Prospero has complete administration over these characters. Also, there are some similarities in how they each follow Prospero. Neither character blindly follows Prospero or does everything he wants without question. Caliban attempts (and, in some iterations of the play, succeeds) to directly disobey Prospero when he refuses to carry logs for him, but he gives in, in the end: Prospero: What ho! Slave! Caliban! / Thou earth, thou! Speak. Caliban: There’s wood enough within. (1.2.315-316) Prospero: Fetch us in fuel†¦or†¦I’ll rack thee with old cramps, / fill all thy bones with aches, make thee roar / That beasts shall tremble at thy din. Caliban: No, pray thee. / I must obey. (1.2.369-375) Later, he condemns his master and plots to kill him. Ariel questions Prospero and asks him for his freedom, but they resolve the issue in the same manner as the issue between Caliban and Prospero: Ariel: Is there more toil? Since thou dost give me pains, / Let me remember thee what thou hast promised, / Which is not yet performed me. Prospero: How now? Moody? / What canst thou demand? Ariel: My liberty. (1.2.242-245) Ariel: Pardon, master. / I will be correspondent to command (1.2.297-298)Show MoreRelatedThe Tempest Character Analysis1047 Words   |  5 Pagesperspective. In William Shakespeare’s The Tempest, Prospero comes to realise not only the limitations of his power, but also the importance of love and redemption in redefining one’s place in the world, as well as one’s view of it. Theodore Melfi’s film Hidden Figures represents the importance of new perspectives on the familiar in order to realise the self, in the face of conflicting and controlling views towards casual racism and sexism. The Tempest, as its title suggests, is partly concernedRead MoreThe Tempest Character Analysis948 Words   |  4 Pagesget it. Yet it is how they obtain this power that shows their true nature. In The Tempest, Prospero and Alonso were born with their power, but other characters like Antonio, Sebastian, Stephano, etc. were not. They are jealous of these characters born with power so they conspire with other characters to take the power away from them. These conspiracies within The Tempest reveal the true nature of those characters. Antonio and Sebastian’s personalities are exposed while they conspire to gain theRead MoreA Character Comparison of Macbeth and Prospero from Shakespeares Macbeth and The Tempest676 Words   |  3 PagesThese two Shakespearean characters, Macbeth and Prospero, from Macbeth and The Tempest can greatly compare to one another. From the very beginning, these two men are hard to understand and seem like your average warrior and ruler. Both of these characters are dealing with struggle of power; however, they both deal with this issue in different, interesting ways with different results. At the end of these two plays, we meet two entirely different characters than the ones that we were introduced toRead More Conflict and Harmony in The Tempest Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesConflict and Harmony in The Tempest   Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare describes a utopic world saturated with supernatural images and ideas which works to create the mysterious island where The Tempest takes place.   This is one of Shakespeares best examples of how a natural harmony reveals itself through the actions of discourse and confusion.   To illustrate this idea best one must examine the historical context upon which The Tempest is based.   Because this play was published in the early 1600sRead MoreEssay on Quest for Power In The Tempest1208 Words   |  5 PagesQuest for Power In The Tempest      Ã‚   I suggest that engraved into humanitys essence is the intense desire for power. William Shakespeares play, The Tempest not only depicts this concept, but breaks it down for the reader; enabling effective analysis of this concept. Through notable characterization, Shakespeare is able to convey key concepts regarding the idea of power versus ambition. Specifically, the role that ambition and the moderation of ones ambition play in the effectiveness of controlRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Tempest1229 Words   |  5 Pageswhen writing his play, The Tempest. One of Cohen’s theses though - thesis four â€Å"The Monster Dwells at the Gates of Difference† - appears quite prominently in Shakespeare’s work. The thesis articulates that monsters are divisive and often arise in a culture to make one group seem superior to another. Further, societies devise monsters in order to create a scapegoat for social and political inequities and instabilities that surface in that society. In Shakespeare’s The Tempest, the idea applies to CalibanRead MoreExamples of Shakepearian Revenge Tragedey in Othello and tragic Comedy in The Tempest1681 Words   |  7 Pagesis The Tempest. One of the most prominently occurring and important aspects of human nature that appears in Shakespeare’s work is the concept of revenge. In most of the tragic plays of Shakespeare, the avenger has his thoughts of committing revenge and towards the end causes his own downfall and also death and destruction of several other good and supporting characters. The main focus of this essay is to show how Revenge leads to Destruction in Shakespearean plays – Othello and The Tempest. The mainRead More Lost Illusions, Bitter Wisdom and Fragile Hope in The Tempest1274 Words   |  6 PagesLost Illusions, Bitter Wisdom and Fragile Hope in The Tempest   Ã‚   Is Shakespeare’s play, The Tempest, a drama of lost illusions, bitter wisdom and fragile hope? Before this question can be considered, one first has to interpret these terms. Perhaps bitter wisdom and fragile hope are fairly simple concepts to understand, lost illusions is somewhat less clear, particularly in the case of The Tempest.    There are three main interpretations of lost illusions that could be madeRead MoreThe Tempest By William Shakespeare1705 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature Mr. Nath 5 December 2014 The Tempest Written between 1610 and 1611, The Tempest by William Shakespeare is the final play penned by the famous Bard. The play portrays the illusory struggle of power and conscience through the character of Prospero and his egocentric motives. Politically, the play can be seen as an analysis of important political issues relevant to that of oppression and imperialistic tendencies of the time. Artistically, The Tempest emphasizes the nature of art, more prominentlyRead MoreEssay on Isolation of the Individual in Society in The Tempest1458 Words   |  6 PagesIndividual in Society in The Tempest In William Shakespeares play, The Tempest, characters such as Caliban, Prospero, Miranda and Ferdinand, experience varying degrees of consequences, due to their change in behaviour, while isolated from society. Although isolation from society affects the characters in different ways, some see it as being advantageous while others see it as being a curse. This essay will show how characters in The Tempest suffer consequences due

Implementation of Matrix Organization Structure

Question: Discuss about the Implementation of Matrix Organization Structure. Answer: Introduction: Centralization as a form of organizational structure operates in a manner where all the rights and powers are placed in the hands of the top management level. All the decision making and planning activities are left to the top most authorities. This policy was practiced in earlier days in all organizations with an aim of retaining all the powers within central organization. They controlled all the activities of the low level and middle management. This kind of organization ensures that personal leadership and coordination are easily seen as well as easy distribution of work among workers (Chang and Harrington 1427) However such a structure diminishes the subordinate employees roles within the organization due to the concentration of responsibility and authority in the head office. The junior staff is left to only follow commands from the top managers and not even allowed to actively participate in the decision making processes. There is a possibility of excessively overworking the ju nior staff thus resulting in poor decision making. There is too much bureaucracy within such an organization (Chang and Harrington 46: 1428). Advantages of centralization There is consistence in policies with greater control and procedures that are standardized. Decision making is quicker and the financial control is tight. The customers know what to expect since the branches are identical. The local managers which in most cases are not involved in the running of the organization may be having better knowledge of the customer need. Motivation of local managers is easily affected and there is likely to be inappropriate decision making at local level. This kind of organization involves the assignment of responsibilities and authorities to the low level or middle management by the top level management. Decision making powers are delegated to the departments, divisions units or centre managers. Its therefore an addition over delegation of authority (Radner 1111). With increased competition most managers currently are taking the decision regarding for any delegation of authorities and responsibilities to their subordinates. This gives functional level managers a chance to perform better and freedom to work. Responsibilities are also shared by the high level managers resulting in quick decision making thus saving on time. Its good for business expansion. For nay decentralization process to be effective there is need for open and free communication within the organization (Van Zandt 128). Local managers are empowered and the local knowledge benefits sales within an organization. Promotions are also targeted effectively. Day to day communication with the head office is reduced. The business becomes more flexible as the various managers are able to respond to customer demands faster. Such structure also improves performance and motivation. Disadvantages of decentralization Local managers may fail to see the bigger picture of the organization and some customers may prefer uniformity of branches. Considering their advantages and disadvantages some people tend to think that centralization is better while others may be in favor of decentralization. In old days most business activities were centralized but due to increased competition that requires quick decision making many organizations have opted for decentralization structure (Yang, Huang and Wu 258). However absolute centralization or decentralization is not possible and therefore most organizations are presently equipped with both features. Full decentralization is often an indicator of lack of control over the activities of the subordinates while complete centralization cannot be practical because it means all the decisions are entirely made by the top management (Chang and Harrington 1429). This calls for a balance between these two. My current business operates under a matrix structure which is a combination of both the divisional and functional structures. It brings different skilled workers from various parts of the organization to work together as a team (Kuprenas 51). The reporting relationships are usually set up as a grid or matrix with employees having dual reporting relationships to both a functional and product manager (Laslo and Goldberg 151). Advantages of matrix structure Its adaptable to dynamic environment where there can be frequent changes in the business world. It ensures maximum use of resources because many projects can be handled at a time. It promotes participative management where people work together in a project as a team (Laslo and Goldberg 15). It encourages delegation of duties thus giving sufficient time to top management. It also promotes excellence and inter disciplinary specialization because it involves experts from many disciplines this ensures quality performance and output. It encourages team work development because it involves many members in achieving common objectives (Bartlett and Ghoshal 6). It is a costly structure because it maximizes administrative costs such as paper works and information costs. Its likely to violate unity of command because subordinates have to follow instructions from more than one superior. It faces problems of overspecialization because it involves many experts who meet to discuss unrelated subject matter thus delaying decision making in some cases. Because it demands high levels of interpersonal skills then it faces difficulties in striking a balance. It encourages feeling of insecurity among employees if they are not guaranteed other projects at the completion of one. There is lack of wide coordination due to time limit factor. Lack of commitment is also experienced because many specialists are only appointed in the project for a limited period of time (Davis and Lawrence 139). Woks cited Bartlett, C and Ghoshal, S. Matrix Management Harvard Business Review, 1990 Chang, M. H., Harrington Jr, J. E.Centralization vs. Decentralization in a Multi- unit Organization: A Computational Model of a Retail Chain as a Multi-agent Adaptive System", Management Science, 2000. Davis, S.M. and Lawrence, P.R. Problems of matrix organisations. Harvard Business Review, 1978. Kuprenas, J.A. Implementation of a matrix organization structure. International Journal of Project Management, 2003. Laslo, Z. and Goldberg, A.I. Matrix structures and performance: The search for optimal adjustment to organisational objectives. 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